Nervous system
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)
Non-infectious · Chronic
A neurodevelopmental condition causing ongoing difficulties with attention, hyperactivity and impulsivity that affect daily life.
GeoMed · Disease encyclopedia
Disease encyclopedia
Causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment approaches and prevention for common conditions. Browse A–Z, by body system, or search.
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Disease encyclopedia
Nervous system
Nervous system
Autism spectrum disorder
Non-infectious · Chronic
A lifelong neurodevelopmental difference affecting social communication and interaction, with focused interests and repetitive behaviours.
Digestive system
Autoimmune hepatitis
Non-infectious · Chronic
A long-term liver disease in which the immune system attacks liver cells, causing inflammation that can lead to cirrhosis if untreated.
Nervous system
Autonomic neuropathy
Non-infectious · Chronic
Damage to the nerves that control automatic body functions such as blood pressure, heart rate, digestion, bladder and sweating.
Musculoskeletal system
Avascular necrosis
Non-infectious · Chronic
Death of bone tissue caused by loss of blood supply, most often affecting the hip, which can lead to bone collapse and arthritis.
Digestive system
Avoidant restrictive food intake disorder (ARFID)
Non-infectious · Chronic
An eating disorder in which a person avoids or restricts food because of sensory sensitivity, fear of choking or vomiting, or low interest in eating, not because of body image.
Musculoskeletal system
Baker's cyst
Non-infectious · Chronic
A fluid-filled swelling behind the knee, usually linked to arthritis or a cartilage tear inside the knee joint.
Digestive system
Barrett's oesophagus
Non-infectious · Chronic
A change in the lining of the lower food pipe caused by long-term acid reflux, which slightly increases the risk of oesophageal cancer.
Skin (integumentary system)
Basal cell carcinoma
Non-infectious · Chronic
The most common type of skin cancer, which grows slowly on sun-exposed skin and rarely spreads.
Immune system
Behçet's disease
Non-infectious · Chronic
A rare, long-term inflammatory condition causing blood vessel inflammation, with mouth and genital ulcers, eye inflammation and skin problems.
Nervous system
Benign essential blepharospasm
Non-infectious · Chronic
A neurological condition causing involuntary, repeated blinking and forceful closing of the eyelids.
Urinary system
Benign prostatic hyperplasia
Non-infectious · Chronic
Non-cancerous enlargement of the prostate gland in older men, which can cause problems passing urine.
Cardiovascular system
Bicuspid aortic valve
Non-infectious · Chronic
A heart valve present from birth with two leaflets instead of three, which can become narrowed or leaky and is linked to aortic enlargement.
Digestive system
Bile acid diarrhoea
Non-infectious · Chronic
Chronic watery diarrhoea caused by too much bile acid reaching the large bowel.
Digestive system
Bile duct cancer (cholangiocarcinoma)
Non-infectious · Chronic
A rare cancer of the bile ducts, the tubes that carry bile from the liver to the bowel, often found late.
Digestive system
Biliary atresia
Non-infectious · Chronic
A rare condition in newborns in which the bile ducts are blocked or missing, causing jaundice and liver damage.
Mental health
Binge eating disorder
Non-infectious · Chronic
An eating disorder involving regular episodes of eating large amounts of food while feeling out of control, followed by distress.
Mental health
Bipolar disorder
Non-infectious · Chronic
A long-term mental health condition causing episodes of depression and episodes of mania or hypomania.