Cardiovascular system
Aortic regurgitation
Non-infectious · Chronic
A leaky aortic valve that lets blood flow back into the heart, making the heart work harder over time.
GeoMed · Disease encyclopedia
Disease encyclopedia
Causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment approaches and prevention for common conditions. Browse A–Z, by body system, or search.
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Disease encyclopedia
Cardiovascular system
Cardiovascular system
Aortic stenosis
Non-infectious · Chronic
Narrowing of the aortic valve that restricts blood flow out of the heart, most often caused by age-related calcium build-up.
Mouth and teeth
Aphthous stomatitis (recurrent)
Non-infectious · Chronic
Recurrent mouth ulcers that appear as painful round sores inside the mouth and heal on their own.
Blood (haematology)
Aplastic anaemia
Non-infectious · Chronic
A rare, serious condition in which the bone marrow stops making enough red cells, white cells and platelets.
Digestive system
Appendicitis
Non-infectious · Acute
Inflammation of the appendix, a small pouch attached to the large bowel, which usually causes worsening pain in the lower right abdomen.
Cardiovascular system
Arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy
Non-infectious · Chronic
An inherited heart muscle disease in which muscle is replaced by fat and scar tissue, causing dangerous heart rhythms.
Musculoskeletal system
Arthritis
Non-infectious · Chronic
By 2030, arthritis is expected to affect over 78 million adults in the United States alone." Let that sink in. That’s nearly one in four people grappling with joint pain, stiffness, and swelling. If you’ve watched a loved one, or maybe even yourself, struggle with arthritis, you know it’s more than just an inconvenience. It can be life-altering. But here’s the good news: understanding arthritis, its symptoms, and treatment options can make a world of difference. Whether it’s your grandmother’s swollen hand joints or your own aching knees, there are actionable steps to regain control and improve quality of life. Let’s unpack everything you need to know about arthritis.
Respiratory system
Asbestosis
Non-infectious · Chronic
A long-term lung disease caused by breathing in asbestos fibres, leading to scarring and stiffening of the lungs.
Respiratory system
Asthma attack (acute severe asthma)
Non-infectious · Acute
A sudden worsening of asthma in which the airways narrow severely, causing breathlessness, wheeze and difficulty speaking; it can be life-threatening.
Respiratory system
Atelectasis
Non-infectious · Acute
Partial or complete collapse of part of the lung, often after surgery, a blockage in the airway or pressure on the lung.
Cardiovascular system
Atherosclerosis
Non-infectious · Chronic
The build-up of fatty plaques inside artery walls, which narrows arteries and is the main cause of heart attacks and strokes.
Immune system
Atopic dermatitis (eczema)
Non-infectious · Chronic
A common long-term skin condition causing dry, itchy, inflamed skin that comes and goes in flare-ups.
Cardiovascular system
Atrial fibrillation
Non-infectious · Chronic
A common heart rhythm disorder in which the upper chambers beat irregularly and often fast, increasing the risk of stroke.
Cardiovascular system
Atrial flutter
Non-infectious · Acute or chronic
A heart rhythm disorder in which the upper chambers beat very fast in a regular circuit, often causing a fast heartbeat.
Cardiovascular system
Atrial septal defect
Non-infectious · Chronic
A hole in the wall between the upper chambers of the heart, present from birth, which may not be found until adulthood.
Nervous system
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)
Non-infectious · Chronic
A neurodevelopmental condition causing ongoing difficulties with attention, hyperactivity and impulsivity that affect daily life.
Nervous system
Autism spectrum disorder
Non-infectious · Chronic
A lifelong neurodevelopmental difference affecting social communication and interaction, with focused interests and repetitive behaviours.
Blood (haematology)
Autoimmune haemolytic anaemia
Non-infectious · Acute or chronic
A condition in which the immune system makes antibodies that destroy the body's own red blood cells, causing anaemia.